Aleksander Solzhenitsyn
1918 - 2008

solzhenitsyn
Dmitry Kostyukov / AFP / Getty

Cast No Shadow
The author described Solovetsky Monastery, above, one of the most notorious prison camps, as the "mother of the Gulag". In the 1920s, the monastery's whitewashed churches and thick stone walls were transformed by Lenin into a prototype prison camp where the new Communist regime experimented with starvation, isolation and torture.

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