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Levy's deception was a severe blow not only to his mentor but, as Rhine sees it, to all of parapsychology. Even before he had heard of the Sloan-Kettering painted mice, Rhine published a soul-searching article on "Security versus Deception" in the March Journal of Parapsychology. In it, he conceded that the long delay in acceptance of parapsychology as a reputable science can be traced in part to suspicions about the honesty of investigators. Rhine suggested that this "subtle, slightly distasteful, and sometimes embarrassing issue of fraud might need more frank and forthright recognition and response." He even noted that "apparatus can sometimes be used as a screen to conceal the trickery it was intended to prevent." Rhine maintained his confidence in Levy for months after those words were written—evidence that Rhine lacks one of his own favorite phenomena: precognition.