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In the South. From the beginning Italy's bloodless advance in the north has been an elaborate exercise in transport, communication and roadbuilding. Real war broke with a rush over the southern front last week, left the Ethiopian forces dazed and partly demoralized, swept Italian troops under General Rudolfo Graziani forward 145 miles in four days, bringing them almost within direct striking distance of Jijiga, Harar and Ethiopia's only railway. At strategic Gorrahei and Sassa Baneh on the Fafan River the wild Ethiopian troops had no thought of a strategic retreat. They fought until they fell, but could not stop the Italian advance. Commander at Gorrahei was Azaye Afework, European-trained and with some of the best troops in all Ethiopia. To his Emperor he swore never to retreat while life was in him. Trying to bring down an Italian bombing plane with his own hands, he found his abdomen suddenly ripped open by a bomb splinter. He died enroute to Jijiga where a frightened people were just beginning to realize how little effect brave hearts and bare hands have against modern arms.