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The relationship between the media and federal politicians has always been a love-hate affair. But since Stephen Harper's Conservatives took control of Parliament Hill in January, the amorous part of the equation has been hard to discern. The friction edged up a level last Tuesday, when for the first time in years, the Prime Minister's Office (PMO) failed to inform reporters about a full Cabinet meeting. Suspecting something was up, members of the parliamentary press corps staked out the Centre Block that morning to try to buttonhole ministers entering the building. Among them was CBC cameraman Victor Modderman, who spotted Harper's three-limousine motorcade cruising up the Parliament Hill driveway. But just as the cars were approaching him, they abruptly veered to the right and zoomed toward the back of the building. Modderman slung his camera over his shoulder and took off in pursuit. He arrived just in time to capture Harper stepping out of his car and grimly walking past the usual gaggle of smokers puffing away outside the entrance. Modderman was astounded by the extent of Harper's apparent determination to avoid the media. "He hates smoking," Modderman quipped.

A Cabinet meeting was indeed in the cards. But by the time the PMO released a press advisory hinting at that, the session was well under way. Moreover, the veiled wording of the advisory--"There will be a Government media availability, today in the foyer of the House of Commons"--was almost Soviet in its stiff obfuscation.

Why the cat-and-mouse tactics from a ruling party that won the Jan. 23 election promising a more open government? The PMO says the media are overreacting, that it was just trying to ensure an orderly process. Because of an arcane parliamentary rule, journalists can stake out the third-floor Cabinet room only if the PMO announces that a meeting is about to take place. Instead the PMO wanted reporters to wait in the grand foyer one flight below, arguing that the larger space would be safer, would allow ministers who wanted to talk to the press more space to do so and would provide a better backdrop--the entrance to the House of Commons--for prime ministerial press conferences. "As long as Canadians can hear from their government, it shouldn't matter what floor they hear it from," says Sandra Buckler, the PM's new communications director.

To parliamentary reporters, however, it smacks of a government that wants to keep the press at bay. They have been stationing themselves in a gallery opposite the entrance to the Cabinet room for at least 30 years. Journalists say that being barred them from their regular third-floor perch means they no longer have a chance to approach (i.e., shout questions at) the meeting's participants and that ministers who want to avoid the press will be freer to do so. "It's a concrete example of how the Prime Minister's Office is trying to restrict and control which members of the Cabinet talk to Canadians and about which issues," says Parliamentary Press Gallery president Emmanuelle Latraverse of Radio-Canada.

The capital's journalists, who view themselves as watchdogs against government abuse, have other concerns about the Harper government. They claim:

--The PMO has restricted what Cabinet ministers, embassies, consulates and some Members of Parliament can say and do without first having their plans vetted by the PMO.

--Officials decide which reporters get to ask questions at the Prime Minister's press conferences and sometimes pass over those they suspect have questions they don't want to deal with.

--The PMO has not announced some of Harper's meetings with national and international leaders.

--The PMO has placed undue restrictions on allowing reporters into photo ops in the Prime Minister's Centre Block office, even though they have traditionally been allowed access. The PMO last week beefed up security and allowed only photographers and camera operators into a meeting in which children presented daffodils to Harper as part of a campaign to raise awareness for cancer research. Reporters who had been barred from the session got into a minor shoving match with Commons security guards.

With Parliament starting a new session this week, the journalists, at least, say the issues at stake are critical. "We contribute as members of the press to holding the government accountable for its actions," says Latraverse. "Canadians should be worried when they see the government trying to exert such an unprecedented level of control." Unions that represent journalists have spoken in even harsher terms. Peter Murdoch of the Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union says the new policy "smacks of totalitarianism."

There's little evidence so far that the public shares the concerns of the press. "I don't think the average Canadian cares as long as they know their government is being well run," Buckler told a reporter. But Alasdair Roberts, a Syracuse University public-policy professor, asks, "How can the average Canadian make a judgment about whether their government is being well run if they don't have access to the information?"

The Conservatives, for their part, argue that they are more transparent than their recent predecessors, noting that Harper has been holding more press conferences than either Jean Chrétien or Paul Martin did. Harper "gives deep media interviews with much deeper content than Canadians have seen or heard from previous Prime Ministers over the last 12 years," Buckler says. And government ministers aren't complaining about being muzzled. "We've all been told to be prudent, because when you're in government your words carry different weight than in opposition," says Agricultural Minister Chuck Strahl, a 12-year M.P. "We've all been given the wise advice, Don't just flap off at the gills."

Yet if Harper is trying to control his government's message, he certainly isn't alone. U.S. President George W. Bush has tried to impose strict discipline within his Administration, and leaks have been rare. Canadian Prime Ministers have tried similar approaches for decades--at least at the beginning of their mandates. But Harper's style has lacked subtlety. When asked at a Feb. 21 press conference whether he would continue to make himself accessible to the media, he responded dismissively, "I will be available when I have something to announce." Other members of the government have similarly been less than media savvy. When Ethics Commissioner Bernard Shapiro announced he was investigating the defection of Liberal David Emerson directly into the Conservative Cabinet after the federal election, Buckler said the Prime Minister would be "loath to cooperate."

Running a tight ship, stanching leaks and otherwise imposing message discipline are only part of the battle, says University of Western Ontario journalism professor Michael Nolan, a former parliamentary reporter. He says a rigorous approach to governing has to be tempered with a sense of responsiveness to the public. "A good politician is manipulative, but he doesn't appear to be manipulative," Nolan says. "There's almost a naiveté to Mr. Harper's group because they seem to be doing this so openly."

• STEVEN FRANK