When methadone was first introduced 24 years ago, it was hailed as a magic bullet aimed at the heart of heroin addiction. A neat, clean medical solution to a social problem. It has proved to be something less than that. Methadone is a treatment, not a cure, for addiction, and an imperfect one at that. But for some 100,000 of the country's half-million heroin addicts, it offers an alternative to shooting up as well as the possibility of a productive life.
With the crack epidemic spiraling out of control and the continuing threat of AIDS transmission through needle sharing, the research...