How to Write Programs

Hardware is not difficult to understand. It is nuts and bolts and microchips. But what is software? Perhaps the easiest way to think of it is in terms of a simple analogy: hardware is to software as a television set is to the shows that appear on it. Computer programs, rather like those aired on TV, are a man-made effort to turn lifeless hardware into something one might want to spend some time with.

Programs, like television scripts, are "written"—not in English, but in English-like commands that vary from machine to machine....

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