Ph.D. candidates in the humanities face a degree of uncertainty
Mark Horowitz, 33, is a candidate for a Ph.D. in Tudor history at the University of Chicago, where graduate-school tuition is more than $7,000 annually, and the doctorate requires an average of six years of work. In 1980 Horowitz took a full-time public relations job for the university's business school to support himself and his family. With about a year's work left on his degree, Horowitz labors on his dissertation in his spare time and still hopes to become a professor. The prospects are not good. As the student population shrinks,...