The World: Chronology of Trial, Triumph and Terror

1878. Founding of Petach Tikva (Gate of Hope), a pioneer village of Jewish immigrants from Russia.

1882. First Aliyah (wave of immigration) of Jews from Russia and East Europe to Palestine begins.

1897. In Basel, Switzerland, the World Zionist Congress elects Theodore Herzl as president and declares its aim: "to create for Jewish people a home in Palestine."

1904-14. Second Aliyah increases Jewish population to 85,000.

1917. Balfour Declaration by British government "favors the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people" as long as no harm is done to "non-Jewish communities" there, including 600,000 Arabs.

1920. Palestine placed under British mandate; Arabs...

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