"Armies are of three kinds," said Major General Sir Frederick Barton Maurice,* military historian and former Director of Operations on the British Imperial General Staff.
He based this assertion on the method by which armies are raised and maintained : the voluntary system, the militia system, the compulsory service system.
In 1913, he said, 17 European powers maintained armies. Of these, 15 used the compulsory system, Britain the voluntary, Switzerland the militia. In 1925, there are 25 powers which maintain armies. Of these, 14 have the compulsory system, five the voluntary, six the...
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