Science: Deepfreeze '61

October is springtime below the Line, and last week Harewood Airport at Christchurch, New Zealand was jammed with U.S. Air Force and Navy aircraft ready to take off for Antarctica. Some 600 officers and men, headed by Rear Admiral David Tyree, were waiting to make the 2,200-mile hop to the null main Antarctic base at McMurdo Sound. This is Operation Deepfreeze '61—the fanciest assault ever mounted against-the forbidding, frozen land on the earth's underside. Including ship and aircraft crews, its staff will total 3,000 men.

The U.S. specialty in Antarctic exploration has long been...

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