Arthur Goldreich

Nelson Mandela didn't know how to fire a rifle when he formed the underground military movement of the African National Congress in the 1950s. For help, he called on Arthur Goldreich, a Jewish South African artist who despised apartheid and had fought in the 1948 war that achieved Israeli independence. He became Mandela's military tutor and landlord, sheltering a fugitive Mandela on Liliesleaf Farm in Johannesburg. And like Mandela, he was captured in the famous 1963 police raid on that farm. But unlike Mandela, he escaped from jail and made his way to Israel, where he lived for many decades and died on May 24 at 82 as one of the unlikeliest heroes of the fight for a democratic South Africa.