A tour of Wu Chao-Chih's domain is potentially perilous. As the agile Taiwanese woman leads visitors through a cluttered site in suburban Taipei, she warns them to watch out for jagged steel and rusted pipes. But she doesn't seem too nervous about the crane that swings a ton of scrap metal just overhead.
On an island full of "clean rooms" where computer chips are made, Wu, 51, feels more at home in grimy junkyards. As founder and head of the Taiwan Second Resource Recycling Cooperative, she is synonymous with big-time recycling in one of Asia's fastest-growing economies. Working with about 100...