Two years ago, when Frank Ury was running for re-election to an Oakland County, Calif., school board, he met some very heavy opposition--the California Teachers Association. Ury, a conservative who favors school vouchers and a back-to-basics curriculum, says the teachers' union contributed $70,000 to his opponent. At the same time, he recalls, individual teachers gave him $25 donations. "They apologized because they said it was only cancelling out what the union was spending to defeat me," he says. "I just didn't think that was right."
Ury lost, but maybe only in the short term. He sharpened his grievance to a very...