Finding a new species of bird or bug is a little like finding a new use for duct tape--nice but not earthshaking. Finding a new species of human ancestor, on the other hand, is always a big deal. That's why Spanish scientists spent three years studying fossils they discovered at Sierra de Atapuerca in northern Spain. They wanted to be sure of what they had.
Now they're sure. In the current issue of Science, Jose Maria Bermudez de Castro, of Madrid's Center for Scientific Investigation, and his colleagues maintain that their fossils belong to a new, possibly cannibalistic species of early...