Meet Harold Rosen, a slight, gentle-mannered 70-year-old Cal Tech Ph.D. who predates the space age by a dog's age. Yet every time you watch a live-television feed from distant parts of the earth, chances are the signal has bounced off one of the satellites he helped design for Hughes Aircraft in his 37-year career. "He is uncommonly brilliant," says his biggest fan, younger brother Ben, 63. "He's a national treasure."
Actually, a lot of people would say that about Ben. He has a way with numbers. As a five-year-old he could calculate complex mathematical progressions, and as a grownup he figured...