The Indian Airlines Airbus A320 had been in service for only seven weeks when it began the approach for its scheduled landing in Bangalore after a 90-minute flight from Bombay. Moments before it was to touch down, in perfect flying weather, something went wrong. Falling short of the runway by 4,000 ft., the plane crash-landed on a golf course. The toll: 90 dead and 55 injured. A sole passenger escaped unhurt.
The crash raised questions about the technology on the A320, the world's only civil airliner equipped with a fully computerized flight-control system. The critical problem may be the lack of...