European space officials watched nervously last week as a gleaming white Ariane 3 rocket awaited the final seconds of countdown on its jungle-ringed launching pad in French Guiana. While the Ariane program has generally been a success, three of its 16 missions since 1979 have ended in costly accidents. This time the European Space Agency's unmanned craft carried a payload of two satellites worth a total of $200 million: G-Star II, owned by the U.S. communications company GTE, and Brasilsat S2, a Brazilian counterpart. The countdown ran smoothly until just 4.9 seconds before ignition, but then a sudden computer foul-up scrubbed...
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