Victims of mental illness have had many champions since 1795, when Philippe Pinel boldly bucked the revolutionary city government of Paris and began to treat inmates of the Salpétriére as human beings rather than criminals or animals. But the bedlams of the 1800s gave way only to the unspeakable "back wards" of the 1900s, where men, women and children languished in filth and darkness. Now, many states in the U.S. are striving to live down that shame. As late as 1948, Indiana ranked 40th among the states, judged by the crude yardstick, of the amount of money spent on mental patients...
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