General Eisenhower announced: "The Germans as a military force on the western front are a whipped army." To the Germans themselves he proclaimed: "The German government has ceased to exercise effective control over wide areas. The German High Command has lost effective control over many units, large & small, of the German forces. Soldiers of the German Wehrmacht . . . cease hostilities . . . surrender."
In the west there was no longer a major defense line. In the east two Russian armies were advancing into Austria; two more were poised along the Oder. Somewhere soon the fronts of the...