A specter is haunting Europe, as Marx once put it, the specter of Communism. But what kind? Many Communist parties in Western Europe are displaying a new face and style. Dealing with them is a major problem, especially for the Socialists. Italy's Communists have surged to unprecedented influence while openly approving such palatable ideas as a mixed economy, a multiparty system and a free press. France's party seems to be following suit, even repudiating the sacred doctrine of the dictatorship of the proletariat; and Spain's emerging Communists, lean and muscular from the underground, show signs of similar adaptability.
Portugal's aggressive comrades,...