The extreme left-wing forces seemed to be gaining the upper hand in Portugal last week. To some stunned politicians, it seemed that the tension-racked nation had taken a giant step toward becoming a dictatorship of the proletariat. "We have left even Albania on our right," wailed one moderate party official in Lisbon. "The Armed Forces [Movement] has approved 1917-style Soviets for Portugal," said another.
Both men were referring to a radical new political blueprint for Portugal that had been approved by the 240-member Armed Forces General Assembly after 18 hours of deliberation. In essence, the program would give power to...