About 150 million years ago, during the breakup of a supercontinent that geologists call Gondwanaland,* South America and Africa began to drift apart, creating the Atlantic Ocean. There is convincing evidence for the once controversial theory that the two continents were once joined; geological features and fossil remains on opposite sides of the ocean show a remarkable match, and the shelves, or underwater plateaus, extending from each of the continents into the Atlantic form a near perfect fit, like adjacent pieces in a jigsaw puzzle. One piece of the puzzle, however, seemed to...
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