Though unified by their vision of man's potentially hideous future, environmentalists violently disagree over basic causes and cures. One school holds that an ever-increasing population's demand for higher living standards must also create ever-increasing amounts of pollution. Unchecked population growth is thus the chief villain. Not so, says another, equally vociferous school, blaming runaway technology instead. By dumping its noxious excrement heedlessly, technological society is overwhelming nature's ability to purify itself. Last week, at a Chicago meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, four champions from both camps clashed...
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