Four years ago, South Africa's white-supremacist government thought it had figured out just the way to crush black nationalism. Under something called the Suppression of Communism Act, it rounded up 156 prominent opponents of apartheid—mostly black, but including a sprinkling of whites, Indians and coloreds—and charged them all with high treason.
Leading South Africans, such as Author Alan (Cry, the Beloved Country) Paton, raised $600,000 for a defense fund, hired a brilliant battery of lawyers and kept most of the defendants going on a dole of $30.80 a month. As the proceedings...