Science: Lights for Landing

When foul weather wipes out familiar landmarks, airline pilots have the I.L.S. (Instrument Landing System) glide path to lead them in a gradual descent to the runway. At many airports they also have G.C.A. (Ground Controlled Approach) operators to monitor every move. But before a plane drops below the ceiling and visibility minimums permitted by the C.A.A., the pilot must be able to see the ground. It is this quick shift from "instrument" to "contact" flying that separates the men from the boys. Last week, at Newark Airport, the Air Line Pilots Association...

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