In Jerusalem last week, more than 1,600 rabbis and laymen gathered at the marble-colonnaded Hechal Shlomo (Solomon's Palace) for the first world conference of Orthodox Jewry. Although Orthodoxy is traditionally associated with the ghettos of Europe, more than a fourth of the delegates were American; mingling with rabbis wearing beards and ankle-length frock coats were clean-shaven men in business suits. Conversation turned on how to preserve religious tradition, but there were also lengthy debates on such present-day problems as how to reach out to the religiously alienated Jew.
The mixture of...