The four fallacies of U.S. higher education, according to President Oliver C. Carmichael of the Carnegie Foundation:
1) the arbitrary system of course credits which "implies that the educational value of typewriting, for example, is equivalent to that of calculus, literature or logic";
2) overspecialization, which "focuses on details and never comes to grips with real issues"; 3) the idea that "education is primarily concerned with the communication of knowledge, whereas it is actually the communication of intellectual power"; 4) the worship of facts: "Pursuit of the truth is undoubtedly the highest function of the university, but that is not synonymous with scientific...
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