ITALY: Umberto's One-Man War

Umberto Calosso has spent most of his 56 years fighting a rear-guard action against Fascism. In 1923 Mussolini jailed him for speaking against the new order. Calosso escaped to the north, where he got a job as a schoolteacher, but, not content merely to teach, he began editing an anti-Fascist newspaper. Hearing that Mussolini's blackshirts were after him, he fled Italy.

In 1936, after teaching school in Malta, Calosso was invited to lecture at the University of Saragossa. He arrived in Spain just as Franco began his revolt. Calosso left the train, grabbed...

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