Prussian military science made one-front war an axiom. Otto von Bismarck never deviated from the axiom and thereby gained an empire. Wilhelm II disregarded it and thereby lost the empire. Adolf Hitler based his strategy on it. Now, fretting over the map of beleaguered Europe, the Führer could see how completely his plans for one-front war had been thwarted.
He and his generals had plotted long and carefully, but they had not left margin enough for the imponderables. They had miscalculated and might still be miscalculating Russian strength. They had overestimated their own air power, had not foreseen the emergence of...
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