Religion: Basic Human Standards

It had been 200 years since the birth of Philosopher-Poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. To the University of Chicago's Robert M. Hutchins, 1949 seemed like a perfect time for calling attention to a "consciousness of moral responsibilities, liberty, and the dignity of man."

Inspired by Goethe, whom Hutchins called "the world's last truly universal man," a committee of U.S. citizens (honorary chairman: Herbert Hoover) arranged to take over the mountain resort of Aspen, Colo, for a three-week bicentennial festival. They hired the Minneapolis Symphony to play, and assembled a distinguished roster of...

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