In its closing days, the smooth-running 80th Congress clanked and rattled like a leaky donkey engine. Amid the wheeze and hiss of escaping oratory and the crunch of jammed legislative gears, responsible Republican leaders set themselves a double objective. They wanted to adjourn in time for the G.O.P. convention, but they did not want to see the Soth's record marred by last-minute haste.
The closing days made one fact clear. The Republican Partylike the Democraticis composed of two factions: responsible progressives and conservative standpatters who hanker for "normalcy." The progressives, led...