BATTLE OF THE PACIFIC: Old Man of the Atolls

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Kwajalein, key to the Marshalls, was secure in U.S. hands. The second amphibious attack on Central Pacific atolls had been successful far beyond the first heroic but costly assault on Tarawa and Makin. As they were learning through experience about other phases of war, U.S. forces were improving their amphibious operation. Kwajalein's casualty list was only about half as large as Tarawa's 3,200.

For its improving amphibious operations the U.S. could thank the top Pacific admirals: Nimitz, Spruance, Turner and Towers. But it was also deeply in the debt of an...

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