Sixteenth Century galleys, rowed by slaves, hit 4.5 knots the first hour, 3.5 the next, 2.5 the third as the slaves became exhausted. A ship painted white is 12° cooler than one painted black. World's greatest seaports in tonnage entered and cleared are, in order, Antwerp, New York, Hamburg, London. A ship's consumption of fuel varies as the cube of the speed it attains. Derricks are named for an Elizabethan hangman named Derrick who was the first to use a single-spar gallows. Oldest ensign in use today is the Turkish, dating from 339 B.C....
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