Europe's Biotech Finds the Formula

PHILIPPE GONTIER/EURELIOS for TIME

Immunologist Avrameas, left, is finally in business, with Diotos CEO Tchelingerian

Stratis Avrameas tries not to think about what might have been. A dual Greek-French national and a respected immunologist, Avrameas has been working for French scientific research centers since 1957, including some 30 years at France's famed Pasteur Institute. Along the way he pioneered works in the fields of natural antibodies and immuno-enzymes, inventing widely used techniques such as a series of immunology tests called elisa, which analyze biological fluids, and cold probes used to diagnose nucleic acids.

But neither he nor the institutions where he worked fully benefited commercially from his inventions. While studying enzymes from pigs'...

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