Europe is a geographical expression — a peninsula of peninsulas on the western edge of the Eurasian landmass — but there has never been a settled definition of its physical limits. Rather, historians, writers and politicians have long referred to a set of shared histories — conquest by the Romans, Christianity, the Enlightenment and democracy — that unite Europeans conceptually. By definition, most

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nginx/1.14.0 (Ubuntu) of those categories are constantly in flux . Indeed, contemplating the changes in Europe since Time began publishing here 60 years ago, it's striking how many of the biggest shifts have taken place on levels that have...